Citizenship

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Australian Citizenship

Australian nationality law defines who is considered an Australian citizen. The Nationality and Citizenship Act 1948, which came into effect on 26 January 1949, established the legal framework for Australian citizenship.

To become an Australian citizen, applicants must qualify under one of the two main categories: Citizenship by Conferral or Citizenship by Descent.

Eligibility – Citizenship by Conferral

You may be eligible for Australian Citizenship by Conferral if you meet the following criteria:

  • You are an Australian Permanent Resident or an eligible New Zealand citizen.

  • You intend to live in Australia permanently or maintain a long-term and genuine connection with the country, even if residing overseas.

  • You respect and commit to obeying Australian laws and understand key information about Australia.

  • You are between 18 and 59 years of age.

  • You successfully pass the Australian Citizenship Test.

  • You meet all residence requirements and the good character requirement.

Eligibility – Citizenship by Descent

You may be eligible for Australian Citizenship by Descent if:

  • You were born outside Australia.

  • At the time of your birth, at least one parent was an Australian citizen.

  • You meet the required character standards and provide supporting evidence.

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